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        <h1 id="SpringSecurity简介"><a href="#SpringSecurity简介" class="headerlink" title="SpringSecurity简介"></a>SpringSecurity简介</h1><h2 id="核心功能"><a href="#核心功能" class="headerlink" title="核心功能"></a>核心功能</h2><ol>
<li><p>认证</p>
<p>验证某一用户是否是系统内的合法主体, 也就是用户能否访问该系统, 一般是通过验证用户账号及密码的方式来完成认证过程</p>
</li>
<li><p>授权</p>
</li>
<li><p>攻击防护（防止伪造身份）</p>
</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="简介"><a href="#简介" class="headerlink" title="简介"></a>简介</h2><h3 id="原理"><a href="#原理" class="headerlink" title="原理"></a>原理</h3><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">对Web资源进行保护，最好的办法莫过于Filter，要想对方法调用进行保护，最好的办法莫过于AOP。所以springSecurity在我们进行用户认证以及授予权限的时候，通过各种各样的拦截器来控制权限的访问，从而实现安全。</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>主要过滤器<br>  <code>WebAsyncManagerIntegrationFilter</code><br>  <code>SecurityContextPersistenceFilter</code><br>  <code>HeaderWriterFilter</code><br>  <code>CorsFilter</code><br>  <code>LogoutFilter</code><br>  <code>RequestCacheAwareFilter</code><br>  <code>SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter</code><br>  <code>AnonymousAuthenticationFilter</code><br>  <code>SessionManagementFilter</code><br>  <code>ExceptionTranslationFilter</code><br>  <code>FilterSecurityInterceptor</code><br>  <code>UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter</code><br>  <code>BasicAuthenticationFilter</code><h3 id="框架的核心组件"><a href="#框架的核心组件" class="headerlink" title="框架的核心组件"></a>框架的核心组件</h3><code>SecurityContextHolder</code>：提供对<code>SecurityContext</code>的访问<br><code>SecurityContext</code>：持有<code>Authentication</code>对象和其他可能需要的信息<br><code>AuthenticationManager</code> 其中可以包含多个<code>AuthenticationProvider</code><br><code>ProviderManager</code>对象为<code>AuthenticationManager</code>接口的实现类<br><code>AuthenticationProvider</code> 主要用来进行认证操作的类 调用其中的<code>authenticate()</code>方法去进行认证操作<br><code>Authentication</code>：<code>Spring Security</code>方式的认证主体<br><code>GrantedAuthority</code>：对认证主题的应用层面的授权，含当前用户的权限信息，通常使用角色表示<br><code>UserDetails</code>：构建<code>Authentication</code>对象必须的信息，可以自定义，可能需要访问DB得到<br><code>UserDetailsService</code>：通过<code>username</code>构建<code>UserDetails</code>对象，通过<code>loadUserByUsername</code>根据<code>userName</code>获取<code>UserDetail</code>对象 （可以在这里基于自身业务进行自定义的实现  如通过数据库，<code>xml</code>,缓存获取等） </li>
</ul>
<h2 id="自定义配置"><a href="#自定义配置" class="headerlink" title="自定义配置"></a>自定义配置</h2><h3 id="可定制化配置"><a href="#可定制化配置" class="headerlink" title="可定制化配置"></a>可定制化配置</h3><ul>
<li>WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter</li>
</ul>
<p>​    自定义一个<code>springSecurity</code>安全配置类, 继承<code>WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter</code>,重写<code>configure(HttpSecurity http)</code>方法来重定义<code>HttpSecurity</code>; 重写<code>configure(WebSecurity web)</code>方法来配置<code>WebSecurity</code>; 重写<code>configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth)</code>方法来自定义<code>AuthenticationManagerBuilder</code>, 进行认证相关的配置, 等等</p>
<p>​    <strong><code>HttpSecurity</code>配置有如下几类:</strong></p>
<pre><code>1. authorizeRequests()配置路径拦截,以及权限和角色认证信息
2. formLogin()是表单相关的配置
3. httpBasic()用来配置basic登录
4. logout()用于配置注销的相关配置
5. 等等, 待续
</code></pre><p>各类配置间使用<code>and()</code>连接,并且返回<code>HttpSecurity</code>本身, 因此可以连续进行配置.</p>
<p><strong><code>AuthenticationManagerBuilder</code>配置方式:</strong></p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">WebSecurityConfig</span> <span class="keyword">extends</span> <span class="title">WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    </span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Override</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">protected</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">configure</span><span class="params">(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> Exception </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()</span><br><span class="line">            .passwordEncoder(<span class="keyword">new</span> BCryptPasswordEncoder())</span><br><span class="line">            .withUser(<span class="string">"admin"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            .password(<span class="keyword">new</span> BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode(<span class="string">"admin"</span>))</span><br><span class="line">            .roles(<span class="string">"ADMIN"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>除此通过重写<code>configure</code>方法外, 还可以通过<code>@Autowired</code>注入全局的<code>AuthenticationManagerBuilder</code>的方式来构建, 该方法适用于多个<code>WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter</code>的情况, 如:</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">WebSecurityConfig</span> <span class="keyword">extends</span> <span class="title">WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="meta">@Autowired</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="function"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="title">configureGlobal</span><span class="params">(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> Exception </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">    	auth.inMemoryAuthentication()</span><br><span class="line">            .passwordEncoder(<span class="keyword">new</span> BCryptPasswordEncoder())</span><br><span class="line">            .withUser(<span class="string">"admin"</span>)</span><br><span class="line">            .password(<span class="keyword">new</span> BCryptPasswordEncoder().encode(<span class="string">"admin"</span>))</span><br><span class="line">            .roles(<span class="string">"ADMIN"</span>);</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>UserDetails</li>
</ul>
<p>用户详情, 通过实现该接口自定义用户实体类</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">interface</span> <span class="title">UserDetails</span> <span class="keyword">extends</span> <span class="title">Serializable</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   Collection&lt;? extends GrantedAuthority&gt; getAuthorities();</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function">String <span class="title">getPassword</span><span class="params">()</span></span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function">String <span class="title">getUsername</span><span class="params">()</span></span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function"><span class="keyword">boolean</span> <span class="title">isAccountNonExpired</span><span class="params">()</span></span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function"><span class="keyword">boolean</span> <span class="title">isAccountNonLocked</span><span class="params">()</span></span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function"><span class="keyword">boolean</span> <span class="title">isCredentialsNonExpired</span><span class="params">()</span></span>;</span><br><span class="line"></span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function"><span class="keyword">boolean</span> <span class="title">isEnabled</span><span class="params">()</span></span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<ul>
<li>UserDetailsService</li>
</ul>
<p>用户信息加载方法, 通过实现该接口,来加载用户信息</p>
<figure class="highlight java"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="class"><span class="keyword">interface</span> <span class="title">UserDetailsService</span> </span>&#123;</span><br><span class="line">   <span class="function">UserDetails <span class="title">loadUserByUsername</span><span class="params">(String username)</span> <span class="keyword">throws</span> UsernameNotFoundException</span>;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>该接口常见实现类有: <code>JdbcDaoImpl</code>, <code>InMemoryUserDetailsManager</code></p>

      
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